Southeast Asia Aid Map

This interactive database tracks and maps aid and development finance flows from the international community to Southeast Asia. The research covers Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor‑Leste and Vietnam, with complete data from 2015 to 2024.

The goal of this research project is to improve aid efficiency in Southeast Asia through better transparency and coordination of development efforts.

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  1. Bilateral aid in retreat

    Official development finance to Southeast Asia declined in 2024, falling to its lowest level since 2015. Cuts to bilateral aid have been the predominant driver of the fall.

    Official development finance to Southeast Asia by partner type Spent, constant 2024 USD
    2015-19 average2020-22 average2023202405B10B15B20B25B30B35B
    • Non-traditional bilateral partners
    • Traditional bilateral partners
    • MDBs
    • Other multilateral

  2. Aid from traditional bilateral partners has further to fall

    Traditional bilateral development partners are stepping back from spending amid domestic political headwinds and fiscal pressures. Aid from this group fell cumulatively by $1.1 billion in 2024, with projections indicating a further $1.76 billion decline in 2025.

    Traditional bilateral ODA is projected to continue to decline in 2025 Partial projection, constant 2024 USD
    05B10B15B20B2016201920222025
    • Actual
    • Projected

  3. China is cutting aid rather than stepping into the gap

    China remains the largest individual bilateral donor to Southeast Asia despite year-on-year contraction. There is little sign Beijing is seeking to fill funding gaps left by traditional bilateral partners.

    China’s ODF will not fill gaps left by a decline in OECD DAC donor support Spent, constant 2024 USD
    01B2B3B4B5BAgriculture, Forestry, Fishing 413M Banking & Financial Services Communications Education 665M Energy 619M General Environment Protection 586M Government & Civil Society 1.2B Health 521M Humanitarian Aid 585M Industry, Mining, Construction Other‌/‌Unspecified 884M Transport & Storage 2.1B 2.8BWater & Sanitation 908M
    • OECD DAC
    • China

  4. Multilateral development banks overtake bilateral partners

    The MDBs overtook bilateral donors in 2024 as the largest providers of ODF to Southeast Asia. MDB spending in 2025 will partially offset the expected decline in bilateral ODA.

    Sources of development financing in Southeast Asia Spent, constant 2024 USD
    20152017201920212023202508B16B24B32B40B
    • OECD DAC countries
    • World Bank and ADB

  5. China remains largest infrastructure partner

    China still dominates infrastructure spending in Southeast Asia, but post-2021 commitments remain a fraction of historic levels. As the financing gap grows and concessional capital shrinks, the MDBs are positioned to play a larger role.

    China’s infrastructure commitments have stalled while traditional bilateral partners remain stagnant Spent, constant 2024 USD
    05B10B15B20B25B2015201820212024
    • China
    • OECD DAC
    • MDB

  6. Energy security and clean energy face protracted decline

    ODF spending on renewable energy remains at record lows and new commitments point to no near-term recovery. While China has all but disappeared from the sector, traditional partner decline has been less pronounced.

    Renewable energy spend Spent, constant 2024 USD
    0500M1B1.5B2B2015201820212024
    • China
    • Other donors
2026 Key Findings Report

Explore the data

These findings are drawn from the Southeast Asia Aid Map’s complete dataset of development finance to Southeast Asia, 2015 to 2024. Use the map, charts and country profiles to explore the data behind every trend. Now available in 13 currencies, including Southeast Asia’s own alongside AUD, USD, NZD, JPY and EUR.

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